Speer-Weber, Magarete, born 08-09-1905 in Heidelberg, lived there all her live, they also had a house near Hitler's Berghof on the Obersalzberg and was a girlfriend of Eva Braun (see Braun parents) and a regular visitor on the Berghof of Berchtesgaden. [155] In addition to the myth that he was an apolitical technocrat, he claimed he did not have full knowledge of the Holocaust or the persecution of the Jews. albert speers younger brother ernst was killed at Stalingrad Russia in the battle for Stalingrad. Speer was born in Mannheim, Germany on March 19, 1905, to Luise and Albert. He originally wanted to become a mathematician, but his father advised against the wish, suggesting that he would "lead a life without money, without a position, and . FRANKFURT Albert Speer Jr., an internationally prominent architect who sought throughout his life to distance himself from the dark legacy of his father, a member of Adolf . by PanzerKavallerie 27 Jul 2005, 07:49, Post The public was fascinated by an inside view of the Third Reich and a major war criminal became a popular figure almost overnight. In this position, Speer used millions of forced laborers to raise economic production. [87], The Fighter Staff committee was instrumental in bringing about the increased exploitation of slave labor in the war economy. Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer ( Mannheim, 19. oujka 1905. It was used for Nazi propaganda rallies and can be seen in Leni Riefenstahl's propaganda film Triumph of the Will. Despite his opposition to the 20 July plot, he falsely claimed in his memoirs to have been sympathetic to the plotters. [132] Willy Brandt was an advocate of his release,[133] putting an end to the de-Nazification proceedings against him,[134] which could have caused his property to be confiscated. There was no communication. Gring was reluctant to grant this. The house had a studio were Hitler (see Hitler parents) often came to draw his . By the time Prisoner Number 5Albert Speerwalked out of Spandau Prison on 1 October 1966, he was known to the world as the "Good Nazi.". Feigned repentance at Nuremberg, saving his own neck. This was probably the start of the downfall of the Reich. After he failed to do so, his father gave him a part-time job as manager of his properties. He remained so even after his release from imprisonment in 1966, despite their efforts to forge closer bonds. body was never found or returned to the family and there are some Naval armaments were not under Speer's supervision until October 1943, nor the Luftwaffe's armaments until June of the following year. [155] Speer even invented his own birth's circumstances, stating falsely that he was born at midday amid crashes of thunder and bells of the nearby Christ Church, whereas it was between three and five o'clock, and the church was built only some years after. A brick factory was built near the Oranienburg concentration camp at Speer's behest; when someone commented on the poor conditions there, Speer stated, "The Yids got used to making bricks while in Egyptian captivity". [154] In his memoirs and interviews, he had distorted the truth and made so many major omissions that his lies became known as "myths". On 27 January 1938, Speer received plenipotentiary powers from Hitler to finish the new chancellery by 1 January 1939. After joining the Nazi Party in 1930, Speer became Adolf Hitler's personal architect. Albert Speer was a German architect famous for his time in the Nazi Party and for his close friendship with Adolf Hitler. [77], Speer and his hand-picked director of submarine construction Otto Merker believed that the shipbuilding industry was being held back by outdated methods, and revolutionary new approaches imposed by outsiders would dramatically improve output. by. Mr. Speer had been taken to the . The relationship was frowned upon by Speer's class-conscious mother, who felt the Webers were socially inferior. A scene from 'Rise of the Nazis' Photo: 72 Films. [163] By 1999, historians had amply demonstrated that Speer had lied extensively. The manuscript led to two books: first Erinnerungen ("Recollections") (Propylen/Ullstein, 1969), which was translated into English and published by Macmillan in 1970 as Inside the Third Reich; then as Spandauer Tagebcher ("Spandau Diaries") (Propylen/Ullstein, 1975), which was translated into English and published by Macmillan in 1976 as Spandau: The Secret Diaries. Supposing politics to be irrelevant, he turned aside and built roads and bridges and factories, while the logical consequences of government by madmen emerged. Summary: "Inside the Third Reich is a memoir written by Albert Speer, the Nazi Minister of Armaments from 1942 to 1945, serving as Adolf Hitler's main architect before this period. Na Nrnberkom procesu preuzeo je moralnu odgovornost za svoja djela te je priznao ignorantnost po pitanju Holokausta. [7], Speer began his architectural studies at the University of Karlsruhe instead of a more highly acclaimed institution because the hyperinflation crisis of 1923 limited his parents' income. "[3], On the other hand, in a 1973 Bryn Mawr College review, Barbara Miller Lane wrote, "Scholars have observed so many gaps in his account of the operation of his ministry as to shed considerable doubt on the whole. Inventing for Speer the post of General Inspector of Buildings, Hitler steadily promoted him to the point where other Nazi leaders and rivals believed that he might well become Hitler's successor. [45] Kristallnacht accelerated Speer's ongoing efforts to dispossess Berlin's Jews from their homes. 1971. [20], Shortly after Hitler came into power, he began to make plans to rebuild the chancellery. [60] Speer set out to gain control not just of armaments production in the army, but in the whole armed forces. Martin Kitchen, a British historian, says that the choice was not surprising. [114], The chief United States prosecutor, Robert H. Jackson, of the U.S. Supreme Court said, "Speer joined in planning and executing the program to dragoon prisoners of war and foreign workers into German war industries, which waxed in output while the workers waned in starvation. [62], Speer was fted at the time, and in the post-war era, for performing an "armaments miracle" in which German war production dramatically increased. von Speer, Albert: und eine groe Auswahl hnlicher Bcher, Kunst und Sammlerstcke erhltlich auf AbeBooks.de. [119] While three of the eight judges (two Soviet and American Francis Biddle) advocated the death penalty for Speer, the other judges did not, and a compromise sentence was reached after two days of discussions. [164] Even so, public perceptions of Speer did not change substantially until Heinrich Breloer aired a biographical film on TV in 2004. [56] Hitler appointed Speer in Todt's place. After one of these briefings, Hitler invited Speer to lunch, to the architect's great excitement. . [78] In August 1943, he took control of most of the Ministry of Economics, to become, in Admiral Dnitz's words, "Europe's economic dictator". The journalist had unwittingly collaborated in one of his myths. Instead, development turned to a "uranium motor", for use in the navy's submarines. Yet each showed comparable increases in production despite not being under Speer's control. Until 2 September 1943 the position's official name was Reich Minister of Armaments and Munitions. It became instrumental in exploiting slave labor for the benefit of the German war effort. One thing that happened in early 1840 of Victoria time was that He had walked more than 30,000 kilometres (19,000mi), ending his sentence near Guadalajara, Mexico. [162], After Speer's death, Matthias Schmidt published a book that demonstrated that Speer had ordered the eviction of Jews from their Berlin homes. [147], Speer made himself widely available to historians and other enquirers. [76], Following his appointment as Minister of Armaments, Speer was in control of armaments production solely for the Army. Post [117], Speer was found guilty of war crimes and crimes against humanity, principally for the use of slave labor and forced labor. Albert Speer in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland", Francisco Boix identifies Speer at Nuremberg, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Albert_Speer&oldid=1139875005, This page was last edited on 17 February 2023, at 08:56. [54], In 1941, Speer was elected to the Reichstag from electoral constituency 2 (Berlin-West). In his writings, Speer claimed to have finished five thousand books while in prison. The Israeli documentary "Speer Goes to Hollywood," directed by Vanessa Lapa, traces this attempted 1970s reinvention of Albert Speer, who served as Hitler's architect and was sentenced . The building was able to hold 340,000 people. The family learned of this through some letters Ernst sent. [38] The outbreak of World War II in 1939 led to the postponement, and later the abandonment, of these plans. As an example, he wanted to be given power over all armaments issues under Hermann Gring's Four Year Plan. Under Sereny's relentless questioning, Speer explored the past, trying to discover the truth which he had unconsciously kept hidden even from himself. [157] In return they were paid handsomely in royalties and other financial inducements. After August 1944, oil from the Romanian fields was no longer available. "It is not charity; I don't like that . [113] Speer was indicted on four counts: participating in a common plan or conspiracy for the accomplishment of crime against peace; planning, initiating and waging wars of aggression and other crimes against peace; war crimes; and crimes against humanity. [146] So great was the need to believe this "Speer Myth" that Fest and Siedler were able to strengthen iteven in the face of mounting historical evidence to the contrary. [85] The growth, however, consisted in large part of models that were becoming obsolescent and proved easy prey for Allied aircraft. His sister's name was Carrie. Ignored his parents' request to use his position to bring home his brother from Stalingrad. The rockets were researched at a facility in Peenemnde along with the V-1 flying bomb. He admitted only to being uncomfortable around Jews in the published version of the Spandau Diaries. Speer states he became hopeful when Hitler explained how communism could be checked and Germany could recover economically. [1]:506,699701. In the letter, Speer says, "There is no doubtI was present as Himmler announced on October 6, 1943, that all Jews would be killed. When asked by his Allied captors in 1945 to what extent German military strategy had been influenced by economic considerations, Albert Speer, Hitler's armaments minister, replied that in the case of OperationBarbarossathe need for oil was certainly a prime motive. Indeed, even during initial discussions of his plan to invade the Soviet Union, Hitler had stressed the absolute necessity of . [137], Speer's release from prison was a worldwide media event. [81], In response to the Allied Big Week, Adolf Hitler authorized the creation of a Fighter Staff committee. In July1932, the Speers visited Berlin to help out the Party before the Reichstag elections. [1] In 1944, Speer established a task force to increase production of fighter aircraft. These centered on a three-mile-long grand boulevard running from north to south, which Speer called the Prachtstrasse, or Street of Magnificence;[35] he also referred to it as the "NorthSouth Axis". [5], Another kind of criticism is the claim that Speer pretended that he was unaware of the extermination camps and presented the figure of a "good Nazi". [120], On 18 July 1947, Speer was transferred to Spandau Prison in Berlin to serve his prison term. The existing Berlin railroad termini were to be dismantled, and two large new stations built. The V-2's first target was Paris on 8 September 1944. Nobody else in Hitler's circle, not even Josef Goebbels, was shown such favoritism. It's the end of an era: The company's founder Professor Albert Speer passes away in September aged 83. [61] By April 1942, Speer had persuaded Gring to create a three-member Central Planning Board within the Four Year Plan, which he used to obtain supreme authority over procurement and allocation of raw materials and scheduling of production in order to consolidate German war production in a single agency. This miracle was brought to a halt in the summer of 1943 by, among other factors, the first sustained Allied bombing. [130] Speer also read, studied architectural journals, and brushed up on English and French. The exterior walls survived, but they were eventually dismantled by the Soviets. Speer was formally arrested on May 23rd. [109] Speer was disappointed that Hitler had not selected him as his successor. Werner Heisenberg told Speer "the scientific solution had already been found and that theoretically nothing stood in the way of building such a bomb." Speer's full length portrait of Hitler has unnerving reality. Albert Speer Jr., one of the most important German architects and urban planners, died unexpectedly on September 15, 2017 in Frankfurt. During his life, he worked on redesigning city centers of . [34] Hitler ordered Speer to develop plans to rebuild Berlin. Speer's joint undertaking with the SS leadership resulted in the creation of Mittelwerk (Central Works) for underground production of the V-2. [36] At the northern end of the boulevard, Speer planned to build the Volkshalle, a huge domed assembly hall over 700 feet (210m) high, with floor space for 180,000 people. [96] In January 1945, Speer told Goebbels that armaments production could be sustained for at least a year. The houses still look very much the same. If built, the German Stadium would have accommodated 400,000 spectators. The large capital investment was not repaid in military effectiveness. I thought he was to be relieved quite early from the Kessel, from influence of Albert Speer. Founded in 1999. Included in the building works was material to build gas chambers, crematoria and morgues. Speer, Jr., an eighty-two-year-old with a perennially serious expression and a fondness for energetic hand motions, is one of Germany's best-known urban planners. He added a stone exterior that pleased Hitler. He had claimed that he was unaware of Nazi extermination plans, and the Allies had no proof that he was aware. Three days later, he also proposed to Hitler that Germany's remaining military resources be concentrated along the Rhine and Vistula rivers in an attempt to prolong the fighting. Ernst Speer. [136] Speer served a full term and was released at midnight on 1 October 1966. Speer was born in Mannheim, into an upper-middle-class family. [65] Production of every type of weapon peaked in June and July 1944, but there was now a severe shortage of fuel. Speer studied at the technical schools in Karlsruhe, Munich, and Berlin, and acquired an architectural license in 1927. [110] After Hitler's death, Speer offered his services to the so-called Flensburg Government, headed by Hitler's successor, Karl Dnitz. Which he succeeded in doing, with or without Hitler. Como Ministro do Armamento, Speer foi responsvel pela grande produtividade da Alemanha neste setor nos anos finais da Segunda Guerra Mundial. [63] Other factors probably contributed to the increase more than Speer himself. Entrance to Spandau Prison, 1951. [43] The Schutzstaffel (SS) built two concentration camps in 1938 and used the inmates to quarry stone for its construction. He was not involved in the plot, and played a minor role in the regime's efforts to regain control over Berlin after Hitler survived. This ignored military realities, as the German armed forces were unable to match the Allies' firepower and were facing total defeat. However, his other brother Ernst had died in the Battle of Stalingrad, despite repeated requests from his parents for Speer to repatriate him. [10] After passing his exams in 1927, Speer became Tessenow's assistant, a high honor for a man of 22. He has risen to the top of the . Speer enthusiastically supported the program and in March 1942 made an order for A4 rockets, the predecessor of the world's first ballistic missile, the V-2 rocket. I recommend this book without reservations. The Fhrer emerges as neither an incompetent nor a carpetgnawing madman but as an evil genius of warped concepts endowed with an ineffable personal magic. [59] Speer proved to be ambitious, unrelenting and ruthless. They're private residences. For the record, Ernst Speer is discussed at p. 336 in Beevor's "Stalingrad" (Penguin 2007), The Dieter Zinke Axis Biographical Research Section, Life in the Third Reich & Weimar Republic, Kriegsmarine surface ships and Kriegsmarine in general, Luftwaffe air units and Luftwaffe in general, German Strategy & General German Military Discussion, NSDAP, other party organizations & Government, The Dieter Zinke Axis Biographical Research Section, The Ron Klages Panzer & other vehicles Section, Panzer & other vehicles - Photo threads, Axis Documents, Feldpost numbers, Postcards & Other Paper Items, The United Kingdom & its Empire and Commonwealth 1919-45, The Allies and the Neutral States in general, German Colonies and Overseas Expeditions, The end of the Ottoman Empire 1908-1923, Translation help: Breaking the Sound Barrier. [126] In Spandau Diaries, Speer aimed to present himself as a tragic hero who had made a Faustian bargain for which he endured a harsh prison sentence. Having served his full term, Speer was released in 1966. Speer with his children Albert and Hilde, front, and Margret, Arnold and Fritz, back. [66], As Minister of Armaments, Speer was responsible for supplying weapons to the army. bio je arhitekt i ministar naoruanja u nacistikoj Njemakoj. [43] The building itself was hailed by Hitler as the "crowning glory of the greater German political empire". [128] Spandau had a large enclosed yard where inmates were allocated plots of land for gardening. It was for the maltreatment of these people, that Speer was principally convicted at the Nuremberg Trials. Using misleading statistics, he promoted himself as having performed an armaments miracle that was widely credited with keeping Germany in the war. - Han var ikke sdan en morfar, man sad p skdet af, og . 4.10 avg rating 13,205 ratings published 1969 86 editions. In 1918, moved to Schloss-Wolfsbrunnenweg, Heidelberg, Germany. Before World War II, Speer helped propel the Nazi vision of grandeur and superiority. by PanzerKavallerie 27 Jul 2005, 16:15, Post [82] In mid-January 1944, Speer had a lung embolism and fell seriously ill. Speer created an elaborate garden complete with lawns, flower beds, shrubbery, and fruit trees. Martin Kitchen, writing in Speer: Hitler's Architect, stated that much of the increase in Germany's arms production was actually due to systems instituted by Speer's predecessor (Fritz Todt) and furthermore that Speer was intimately involved in the "Final Solution". This image dominated his historiography in the decades following the war, giving rise to the "Speer Myth": the perception of him as an apolitical technocrat responsible for revolutionizing the German war machine. The complicated architecture of Albert Speer, Jr. From being the son of a Nazi to becoming one of the world's foremost architects, this 82-year-old urban planner has been on top of the German planning world for more than half a century. [43], During the Chancellery project, the pogrom of Kristallnacht took place. Carefully measuring distance travelled each day, he mapped distances to the real-world geography. Albert Einstein lived in the USA, so was not where the holocaust He coveted control of the production of armaments for the Luftwaffe and Kriegsmarine as well. [98] Nevertheless, Speer believed that Germany should continue the war for as long as possible with the goal of winning better conditions from the Allies than the unconditional surrender they insisted upon. He fabricated the additional details. After the war, Speer was among the 24 "major war criminals" arrested and charged with the crimes of the Nazi regime at the Nuremberg trials. He later published a work about Himmler and the SS which has been published in English as The Slave State: Heinrich Himmler's Masterplan for SS Supremacy or Infiltration: How Heinrich Himmler Schemed to Build an SS Industrial Empire (in German, Der Sklavenstaat - Meine Auseinandersetzung mit der SS). [16][b] The same year, with stipends shrinking amid the Depression, Speer surrendered his position as Tessenow's assistant and moved to Mannheim, hoping to make a living as an architect. Albert Speer, l'architetto prediletto da Hitler, venne accusato per la deportazione e lo sfruttamento dei civili europei. While he sought to frustrate directives to destroy industrial facilities in areas at risk of capture, so that they could be used after the war, he still supported the war's continuation. [26], The image of the good Nazi was supported by numerous Speer myths. It takes the reader inside Nazi Germany on four different levels: Hitler's inner circle, National Socialism as a whole, the area of wartime production and the inner struggle of Albert Speer. [182], During the war, the Speer-designed Reich Chancellery was largely destroyed by air raids and in the Battle of Berlin. This led to the development of Germany's first cyclotron. 46.104 since 1942 - according to himself he declined all Ehrenrnge offered, but in the end accepted the Rank of a SS-Mann. Speer liked the scenario so much that he wrote it into his memoirs. [92] The rockets were built at an underground factory at Mittelwerk. After his release on 1 October 1966, he used Federal Archive documents to rework the material into his autobiography. They paid for Toni Proost to go on holiday, and for bribes to those who might be able to secure Speer's release. [127], Much of Speer's energy was dedicated to keeping fit, both physically and mentally, during his long confinement. On May 15th, 1945, the Americans captured Speer and quizzed him on the success or otherwise of the Allied bombing campaign. Speer arrived there the previous evening and accepted Todt's offer to fly with him to Berlin. His sentence of twenty years amounted to 7,305 days, which only allotted one and a half days per book. [105] Speer ended them, though the army continued to blow up bridges. alberts side and was generally desribed as a wastrel. Profile manager: Gordon Becker [ send private message ] [50], As Germany started World War II in Europe, Speer instituted quick-reaction squads to construct roads or clear away debris; before long, these units would be used to clear bomb sites. Oil production became so low that any possibility of offensive action became impossible and weaponry lay idle. Figlio e nipote di architetti, Spee. [95], Losses of territory and a dramatic expansion of the Allied strategic bombing campaign caused the collapse of the German economy from late 1944. It was only on the urgent advice of his publisher that he added a mention of seeing the ruins of the Central Synagogue in Berlin from his car. Speer, imenovan tudi prvi arhitekt Tretjega rajha , je bil Hitlerjev glavni arhitekt v nacistini Nemiji, leta 1942 pa je v Hitlerjevem kabinetu postal minister za oboroitev. For propaganda Hitler claimed during the topping-out ceremony on 2 August 1938, that he had ordered Speer to complete the new chancellery that year. A part-time job as manager of his properties stations built Alemanha neste setor nos anos finais da Segunda Guerra.. Constituency 2 ( Berlin-West ) first sustained Allied bombing campaign architects and urban planners, died unexpectedly on September,! Speer established a task force to increase production of Fighter aircraft man sad p skdet af og. The Party before the Reichstag from electoral constituency 2 ( Berlin-West ) Margret, Arnold Fritz! 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